We give here an example of a two complemented subspaces A and B that are not topologically complemented.
For this, we consider a vector space of infinite dimension equipped with an inner product. We also suppose that E is separable. Hence, E has an orthonormal basis (en)n∈N.
Let an=e2n and bn=e2n+12n+1e2n+1. We denote A and B the closures of the linear subspaces generated by the vectors (an) and (bn) respectively. We consider F=A+B and prove that A and B are complemented subspaces in F, but not topologically complemented.
A and B are complemented subspaces in F
Let ⟨⋅,⋅⟩ be the inner product. For i≠j integers we have ⟨ai,aj⟩=0 and ⟨bi,bj⟩=0 as (en)n∈N is an orthonormal basis. Therefore all x∈A can be written +∞∑n=0⟨x,e2n⟩e2n and all x∈B can be written +∞∑n=0⟨x,bn⟩bn‖bn‖2.
If x∈A∩B, we have for all n∈N ⟨x,e2n+1⟩=0 as x∈A. Hence x=+∞∑n=0⟨x,e2n⟩bn‖bn‖2 Making the inner product of x with e2n+1 we get ⟨x,e2n+1⟩=⟨x,e2n⟩‖e2n+1‖2(2n+1)‖bn‖2=0 Consequently, we have ⟨x,e2n⟩ for all n∈N and finally x=0 which proves that A and B are complemented subspaces in F.
A and B are not topologically complemented
Let (xn) be the sequence xn=bn−an. We have xn=e2n+1n+1 and limn→∞xn=0. If A and B were topologically complemented, the projection of F on the subspace A would be continuous. But the projection of xn is an as A and B are complemented subspaces. However ‖an‖=1 for all n∈N as (en) is an orthonormal basis. A contradiction proving that A and B are not topologically complemented.